Imamat 2:12

2:12 You can present them to the Lord as an offering of first fruit, ¹  but they must not go up to the altar for a soothing aroma.

Imamat 3:17

3:17 This is ²  a perpetual statute throughout your generations ³  in all the places where you live: You must never eat any fat or any blood.’” ⁴ 

Imamat 6:13

6:13 A continual fire must be kept burning on the altar. It must not be extinguished.

Imamat 6:23

6:23 Every grain offering of a priest must be a whole offering; it must not be eaten.”

Imamat 7:15

7:15 The meat of his ⁵  thanksgiving peace offering must be eaten on the day of his offering; he must not set any of it aside until morning.

Imamat 7:23-24

7:23 “Tell the Israelites, ‘You must not eat any fat of an ox, sheep, or goat. 7:24 Moreover, the fat of an animal that has died of natural causes ⁶  and the fat of an animal torn by beasts may be used for any other purpose, ⁷  but you must certainly never eat it.

Imamat 11:5-6

11:5 The rock badger ⁸  is unclean to you because it chews the cud even though its hoof is not divided. 11:6 The hare is unclean to you because it chews the cud even though its hoof is not divided.

Imamat 11:11

11:11 Since they are detestable to you, you must not eat their meat and their carcass you must detest.

Imamat 11:41

11:41 Every swarming thing that swarms on the land is detestable; it must not be eaten.

Imamat 11:43

11:43 Do not make yourselves detestable by any of the swarming things. ⁹  You must not defile yourselves by them and become unclean by them,

Imamat 13:11

13:11 it is a chronic ¹⁰  disease on the skin of his body, ¹¹  so the priest is to pronounce him unclean. ¹²  The priest ¹³  must not merely quarantine him, for he is unclean. ¹⁴ 

Imamat 13:23

13:23 But if the bright spot stays in its place and has not spread, ¹⁵  it is the scar of the boil, so the priest is to pronounce him clean. ¹⁶ 

Imamat 13:33

13:33 then the individual is to shave himself, ¹⁷  but he must not shave the area affected by the scall, ¹⁸  and the priest is to quarantine the person with the scall for another seven days. ¹⁹ 

Imamat 14:32

14:32 This is the law of the one in whom there is a diseased infection, ²⁰  who does not have sufficient means for his purification.” ²¹ 

Imamat 18:6

Laws of Sexual Relations

18:6 “‘No man is to approach any close relative ²²  to have sexual intercourse with her. ²³  I am the Lord. ²⁴ 

Imamat 18:10-11

18:10 You must not expose the nakedness of your son’s daughter or your daughter’s daughter by having sexual intercourse with them, because they are your own nakedness. ²⁵  18:11 You must not have sexual intercourse with the daughter of your father’s wife born of your father; she is your sister. You must not have intercourse with her. ²⁶ 

Imamat 18:13

18:13 You must not have sexual intercourse with your mother’s sister, because she is your mother’s flesh.

Imamat 18:18

18:18 You must not take a woman in marriage and then marry her sister as a rival wife ²⁷  while she is still alive, ²⁸  to have sexual intercourse with her.

Imamat 18:20

18:20 You must not have sexual intercourse ²⁹  with the wife of your fellow citizen to become unclean with her.

Imamat 18:28

18:28 So do not make the land vomit you out because you defile it ³⁰  just as it has vomited out the nations ³¹  that were before you.

Imamat 19:4

19:4 Do not turn to idols, ³²  and you must not make for yourselves gods of cast metal. I am the Lord your God.

Imamat 19:7

19:7 If, however, it is eaten ³³  on the third day, it is spoiled, ³⁴  it will not be accepted,

Imamat 19:12

19:12 You must not swear falsely ³⁵  in my name, so that you do not profane ³⁶  the name of your God. I am the Lord.

Imamat 19:29

19:29 Do not profane your daughter by making her a prostitute, ³⁷  so that the land does not practice prostitution and become full of lewdness. ³⁸ 

Imamat 21:3

21:3 and his virgin sister who is near to him, ³⁹  who has no husband; he may defile himself for her.

Imamat 22:12

22:12 If a priest’s daughter marries a lay person, ⁴⁰  she may not eat the holy contribution offerings, ⁴¹ 

Imamat 22:15

22:15 They ⁴²  must not profane the holy offerings which the Israelites contribute ⁴³  to the Lord, ⁴⁴ 

Imamat 22:23

22:23 As for an ox ⁴⁵  or a sheep with a limb too long or stunted, ⁴⁶  you may present it as a freewill offering, but it will not be acceptable for a votive offering. ⁴⁷ 

Imamat 22:28

22:28 You must not slaughter an ox or a sheep and its young ⁴⁸  on the same day. ⁴⁹ 

Imamat 22:30

22:30 On that very day ⁵⁰  it must be eaten; you must not leave any part of it ⁵¹  over until morning. I am the Lord.

Imamat 22:32

22:32 You must not profane my holy name, and I will be sanctified in the midst of the Israelites. I am the Lord who sanctifies you,

Imamat 23:7

23:7 On the first day there will be a holy assembly for you; you must not do any regular work. ⁵² 

Imamat 23:29

23:29 Indeed, ⁵³  any person who does not behave with humility on this particular day will be cut off from his people. ⁵⁴ 

Imamat 23:31

23:31 You must not do any work. This is a perpetual statute throughout your generations ⁵⁵  in all the places where you live.

Imamat 23:35

23:35 On the first day is a holy assembly; you must do no regular work. ⁵⁶ 

Imamat 25:17

25:17 No one is to oppress his fellow citizen, ⁵⁷  but you must fear your God, because I am the Lord your God.

Imamat 25:23

25:23 The land must not be sold without reclaim ⁵⁸  because the land belongs to me, for you are foreigners and residents with me. ⁵⁹ 

Imamat 25:26

25:26 If a man has no redeemer, but he prospers ⁶⁰  and gains enough for its redemption, ⁶¹ 

Imamat 25:34

25:34 Moreover, ⁶²  the open field areas of their cities ⁶³  must not be sold, because that is their perpetual possession.

Imamat 25:39

25:39 “‘If your brother becomes impoverished with regard to you so that he sells himself to you, you must not subject him to slave service. ⁶⁴ 

Imamat 25:42

25:42 Since they are my servants whom I brought out from the land of Egypt, they must not be sold in a slave sale. ⁶⁵ 

Imamat 25:53-54

25:53 He must be with the one who bought him ⁶⁶  like a yearly hired worker. ⁶⁷  The one who bought him ⁶⁸  must not rule over him harshly in your sight. 25:54 If, however, ⁶⁹  he is not redeemed in these ways, he must go free ⁷⁰  in the jubilee year, he and his children with him,

Imamat 26:18

26:18 “‘If, in spite of all these things, ⁷¹  you do not obey me, I will discipline you seven times more on account of your sins. ⁷² 

Imamat 26:31

26:31 I will lay your cities waste ⁷³  and make your sanctuaries desolate, and I will refuse to smell your soothing aromas.

Imamat 26:35

26:35 All the days of the desolation it will have the rest it did not have ⁷⁴  on your Sabbaths when you lived on it.

Imamat 27:22

27:22 “‘If he consecrates to the Lord a field he has purchased, ⁷⁵  which is not part of his own landed property,

Imamat 27:29

27:29 Any human being who is permanently dedicated ⁷⁶  must not be ransomed; such a person must be put to death.

[2:12]  ¹ sn The “first fruit” referred to here was given to the priests as a prebend for their service to the Lord, not offered on the altar (Num 18:12).

[3:17]  ² tn The words “This is” are not in the Hebrew text, but are supplied due to requirements of English style.

[3:17]  ³ tn Heb “for your generations”; NAB “for your descendants”; NLT “for you and all your descendants.”

[3:17]  ⁴ tn Heb “all fat and all blood you must not eat.”

[7:15]  ⁵ tn In the verse “his” refers to the offerer.

[7:24]  ⁶ tn Heb “carcass,” referring to the carcass of an animal that has died on its own, not the carcass of an animal slaughtered for sacrifice or killed by wild beasts. This has been clarified in the translation by supplying the phrase “of natural causes”; cf. NAB, TEV “that has died a natural death.”

[7:24]  ⁷ tn Heb “shall be used for any work”; cf. NIV, NLT “may be used for any other purpose.”

[11:5]  ⁸ sn A small animal generally understood to be Hyrax syriacus; KJV, ASV, NIV “coney”; NKJV “rock hyrax.”

[11:43]  ⁹ tn Heb “by any of the swarming things that swarm.”

[13:11]  ¹⁰ tn The term rendered here “chronic” is a Niphal participle meaning “grown old” (HALOT 448 s.v. II ישׁן nif.2). The idea is that this is an old enduring skin disease that keeps on developing or recurring.

[13:11]  ¹¹ tn Heb “in the skin of his flesh” as opposed to the head or the beard (v. 29; cf. v. 2 above).

[13:11]  ¹² tn This is the declarative Piel of the verb טָמֵא (tame’, cf. the note on v. 3 above).

[13:11]  ¹³ tn Heb “he”; the referent (the priest) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[13:11]  ¹⁴ sn Instead of just the normal quarantine isolation, this condition calls for the more drastic and enduring response stated in Lev 13:45-46. Raw flesh, of course, sometimes oozes blood to one degree or another, and blood flows are by nature impure (see, e.g., Lev 12 and 15; cf. J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 191).

[13:23]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “and if under it the bright spot stands, it has not spread.”

[13:23]  ¹⁶ tn This is the declarative Piel of the verb טָהֵר (taher, cf. the note on v. 6 above).

[13:33]  ¹⁷ tn The shaving is done by the one who has the infection. Although KJV, ASV have the passive “he shall be shaven” here, most modern English versions have the reflexive “shall shave himself” (so NAB).

[13:33]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “but the scall shall he not shave” (so KJV, ASV); NIV “except for the diseased area.”

[13:33]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “and the priest will shut up the scall a second seven days.”

[14:32]  ²⁰ tn Heb “This is the law of who in him [is] a diseased infection.”

[14:32]  ²¹ tn Heb “who his hand does not reach in his purification”; NASB “whose means are limited for his cleansing”; NIV “who cannot afford the regular offerings for his cleansing.”

[18:6]  ²² tn Heb “Man, man shall not draw near to any flesh (שְׁאֵר, shÿ’er) of his body/flesh (בָּשָׂר, basar).” The repetition of the word “man” is distributive, meaning “any (or “every”) man” (GKC 395-96 §123.c; cf. Lev 15:2). The two words for “flesh” are combined to refer to emphasize the physical familial relatedness (see J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 282, and B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 119).

[18:6]  ²³ tn Heb “to uncover [her] nakedness” (cf. KJV, ASV, NASB, NRSV), which is clearly euphemistic for sexual intercourse (see J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 282, and B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 119). This expression occurs a number of times in the following context and is generally translated “have sexual intercourse with [someone],” although in the case of the father mentioned in the following verse the expression may be connected to the shame or disgrace that would belong to the father whose wife’s sexuality is violated by his son. See the note on the word “mother” in v. 7.

[18:6]  ²⁴ sn The general statement prohibiting sexual intercourse between close relatives serves as an opening summary statement for the following section, which gives details concerning which degrees of relationship are specifically forbidden.

[18:10]  ²⁵ sn That is, to have sexual intercourse with one’s granddaughter would be like openly exposing one’s own shameful nakedness (see the note on v. 7 above).

[18:11]  ²⁶ tn Heb “The nakedness of the daughter of your father’s wife born of your father, she is your sister; you must not uncover her nakedness.” That is, a half sister, the daughter of the man’s father by another wife, who is not the man’s mother, is to be considered a true sister. Therefore, the man must not have sexual intercourse with her.

[18:18]  ²⁷ tn Or “as a concubine”; Heb “And a woman to her sister you shall not take to be a second wife [or “to be a concubine”].” According to HALOT 1059 s.v. III צרר, the infinitive “to be a second wife” (לִצְרֹר, litsror) is a denominative verb from II צָרָה A (“concubine; second wife”), which, in turn, derives from II צר “to treat with hostility” (cf. J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 283, and B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 122).

[18:18]  ²⁸ tn Heb “on her in her life.”

[18:20]  ²⁹ tn Heb “And to the wife of your fellow citizen you shall not give your layer for seed.” The meaning of “your layer” (שְׁכָבְתְּךָ, shÿkhavtÿkha) is uncertain (see B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 122, “you shall not place your layer of semen”; but cf. also J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 283, and the literature cited there for the rendering, “you shall not give your penis for seed”).

[18:28]  ³⁰ tn Heb “And the land will not vomit you out in your defiling it.”

[18:28]  ³¹ tc The MT reads the singular “nation” and is followed by ASV, NASB, NRSV; the LXX, Syriac, and Targum have the plural “nations” (cf. v. 24).

[19:4]  ³² sn Regarding the difficult etymology and meaning of the term for “idols” (אֱלִילִים, ’elilim), see B. A. Levine, Leviticus (JPSTC), 126; J. E. Hartley, Leviticus (WBC), 304; N. H. Snaith, Leviticus and Numbers (NBC), 89; and Judith M. Hadley, NIDOTTE 1:411. It appears to be a diminutive play on words with אֵל (’el, “god; God”) and, perhaps at the same time, recalls a common Semitic word for “worthless; weak; powerless; nothingness.” Snaith suggests a rendering of “worthless godlings.”

[19:7]  ³³ tn Heb “And if being eaten [infinitive absolute] it is eaten [finite verb].” For the infinitive absolute used to highlight contrast rather than emphasis see GKC 343 §113.p.

[19:7]  ³⁴ tn Or “desecrated,” or “defiled,” or “forbidden.” For this difficult term see J. Milgrom, Leviticus (AB), 1:422, on Lev 7:18.

[19:12]  ³⁵ tn Heb “And you shall not swear to the falsehood.”

[19:12]  ³⁶ tn Heb “and you shall not profane”; NAB “thus profaning.”

[19:29]  ³⁷ tn Heb “to make her practice harlotry.” Some recent English versions regard this as religious or temple prostitution (cf. TEV, CEV).

[19:29]  ³⁸ tn Heb “and the land become full of lewdness.” Regarding the term “lewdness,” see the note on Lev 18:17 above.

[21:3]  ³⁹ tn Cf. v. 2a.

[22:12]  ⁴⁰ tn Heb “And a daughter of a priest, if she is to a man, a stranger” (cf. the note on v. 10 above).

[22:12]  ⁴¹ tn Heb “she in the contribution of the holy offerings shall not eat.” For “contribution [offering]” see the note on Lev 7:14 and the literature cited there. Cf. NCV “the holy offerings”; TEV, NLT “the sacred offerings.”

[22:15]  ⁴² tn Contextually, “They” could refer either to the people (v. 14a; cf. NRSV “No one”) or the priests (v. 14b; cf. NIV “The priests”), but the latter seems more likely (see J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 356, and B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 150). The priests were responsible to see that the portions of the offerings that were to be consumed by the priests as prebends did not become accessible to the people. Mistakes in this matter (cf. v. 14) would bring “guilt” on the people, requiring punishment (v. 16).

[22:15]  ⁴³ tn The Hebrew verb הֵרִים (herim, rendered “contribute” here) is commonly used for setting aside portions of an offering (see, e.g., Lev 4:8-10 and R. E. Averbeck, NIDOTTE 4:335-36).

[22:15]  ⁴⁴ tn Heb “the holy offerings of the sons of Israel which they contribute to the Lord.” The subject “they” here refers to the Israelites (“the sons of Israel”) which is the most immediate antecedent. To make this clear, the present translation has “the holy offerings which the Israelites contribute to the Lord.”

[22:23]  ⁴⁵ tn Heb “And an ox.”

[22:23]  ⁴⁶ tn Heb “and stunted” (see HALOT 1102 s.v. I קלט).

[22:23]  ⁴⁷ sn The freewill offering was voluntary, so the regulations regarding it were more relaxed. Once a vow was made, the paying of it was not voluntary (see B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 151-52, for very helpful remarks on this verse).

[22:28]  ⁴⁸ tn Heb “And an ox or a sheep, it and its son, you shall not slaughter.”

[22:28]  ⁴⁹ tn Heb “in one day.”

[22:30]  ⁵⁰ tn Heb “On that day”; NIV, NCV “that same day.”

[22:30]  ⁵¹ tn Heb “from it.”

[23:7]  ⁵² tn Heb “work of service”; KJV “servile work”; NASB “laborious work”; TEV “daily work.”

[23:29]  ⁵³ tn The particular כִּי (ki) is taken in an asseverative sense here (“Indeed,” see the NJPS translation).

[23:29]  ⁵⁴ tn Heb “it [i.e., that person; literally “soul,” feminine] shall be cut off from its peoples [plural]”; NLT “from the community.”

[23:31]  ⁵⁵ tn Heb “for your generations.”

[23:35]  ⁵⁶ tn Heb “work of service”; KJV “servile work”; NASB “laborious work”; TEV “daily work.”

[25:17]  ⁵⁷ tn Heb “And you shall not oppress a man his fellow citizen.”

[25:23]  ⁵⁸ tn The term rendered “without reclaim” means that the land has been bought for the full price and is, therefore, not subject to reclaim under any circumstances. This was not to be done with land in ancient Israel (contrast the final full sale of houses in v. 30; see the evidence cited in B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 174).

[25:23]  ⁵⁹ tn That is, the Israelites were strangers and residents who were attached to the Lord’s household. They did not own the land. Note the parallel to the “priest’s lodger” in Lev 22:10.

[25:26]  ⁶⁰ tn Heb “and his hand reaches.”

[25:26]  ⁶¹ tn Heb “and he finds as sufficiency of its redemption.”

[25:34]  ⁶² tn Heb “And.”

[25:34]  ⁶³ sn This refers to the region of fields just outside and surrounding the city where cattle were kept and garden crops were grown (B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 177).

[25:39]  ⁶⁴ tn Heb “you shall not serve against him service of a slave.” A distinction is being made here between the status of slave and indentured servant.

[25:42]  ⁶⁵ tn Or perhaps reflexive Niphal rather than passive, “they shall not sell themselves [as in] a slave sale.”

[25:53]  ⁶⁶ tn Heb “be with him”; the referent (the one who bought him) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[25:53]  ⁶⁷ tn Heb “As a hired worker year in year.”

[25:53]  ⁶⁸ tn Heb “He”; the referent (the one who bought him) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[25:54]  ⁶⁹ tn Heb “And if.”

[25:54]  ⁷⁰ tn Heb “go out.”

[26:18]  ⁷¹ tn Heb “And if until these.”

[26:18]  ⁷² tn Heb “I will add to discipline you seven [times] on your sins.”

[26:31]  ⁷³ tn Heb “And I will give your cities a waste”; NLT “make your cities desolate.”

[26:35]  ⁷⁴ tn Heb “it shall rest which it did not rest.”

[27:22]  ⁷⁵ tn Heb “his field of purchase,” which is to be distinguished from his own ancestral “landed property” (cf. v. 16 above).

[27:29]  ⁷⁶ tn Heb “permanently dedicated from among men.”